‘Will’ after ‘whether’ in English

by Jakub Marian

Tip: Are you a non-native English speaker? I have just finished creating a Web App for people who enjoy learning by reading. Make sure to check it out; there's a lot of free content.

You were probably taught that you shouldn’t use “will” after “if” in conditional clauses, for example:

correct If you don’t receive the email, give me a call.
wrong If you won’t receive the email, give me a call.

“Whether” usually doesn’t introduce a conditional clause. Instead, it introduces an indirect question, for example:

I don’t know whether he has an iPhone.
[What I don't know is: Does he have an iPhone?]

Since this is not a conditional clause, there’s no reason to avoid the future tense when appropriate:

I can’t decide whether I will buy an iPhone or an Android phone.
[I can't decide: Will I buy an iPhone or an Android phone?]

“If” is often used in the meaning of “whether”, especially in the spoken language. If you can replace “if” in the sentence by “whether”, what follows is not a conditional clause, so the future can be expressed using “will”:

correct I am not sure whether he will be there tomorrow.
correct I am not sure if he will be there tomorrow. (informal)
wrong I am not sure if he is there tomorrow.

However, there’s also a less common meaning of “whether” which does introduce a conditional clause. This is best demonstrated using an example:

correct Whether the cake arrives or not, we will celebrate.
wrong Whether the cake will arrive or not, we will celebrate.

The first clause is to be understood as

If the cake arrives or if the cake doesn’t arrive (in either case), we will celebrate.

“Whether” used in this sense is always followed by “or not” (but seeing “or not” after whether doesn’t imply it was used in this sense).

By the way, have you already seen my brand new web app for non-native speakers of English? It's based on reading texts and learning by having all meanings, pronunciations, grammar forms etc. easily accessible. It looks like this:

0